Reference Parameters

References are also sometimes used as parameters to functions. In this case, the
initialisation of the reference takes place when the actual parameters are copied into the
formal parameters, e.g.
#include <iostream.h>
#include <iomanip.h>
void fred(int i, int& j)
{
i = 3; // assign to a local copy of the
// first argument
j = 4; // modify variable in caller's scope
}
int main()
{
int a = 1, b = 2;
cout << setw(2) << a << b; // prints "1 2"
fred(a,b);
cout << setw(2) << a << b; // prints "1 4"
return 0;
}
Needless to say, references are actually implemented using pointers!